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Questions on the Classic Readings

Ernest Hemingway, “The Killers”

  1. What do Al and Max talk about at the counter, and how does the menace show before they state their purpose?
  2. How much does Hemingway explain in the narration around the talk?

Katherine Mansfield, “The Garden Party”

  1. When Laura hears that a man nearby has been killed, what does she want to do, and how does her mother answer?
  2. At the end Laura says, “Isn’t life—,” and cannot finish. What does the unfinished line say?

In good dialogue people rarely say what they most mean. They talk about the menu, the hat or the weather, and the reader hears the rest. Hemingway lets small talk carry fear; Mansfield lets it carry class and grief. The example below is a conversation in a car between a boy and a father who has something to tell him and has not yet said it.

The classic readings come first, and they are the heart of the lesson. A passage from a story by James Mulhern follows as a working example, for a practical reason: he can tell a class what he was trying to do in it, and where he is still unsure he managed it.

Aiden, whose parents have separated, lives with his grandmother while his mother recovers from a stay in a psychiatric hospital. On a snowy Sunday his father picks him up for a visit. In the car the talk is small, about school, Dickens and bad drivers, until his father tells him that he is moving to Arizona with another woman.

A page from the story · the drive

When we passed the roundabout by the police station, he said, “So how’s school?”

“It’s good.”

“What’s your favorite subject?” He glanced at me, then turned on the wipers. The snow had begun to fall.

“English.”

“I was never any good at English. What are you learning?” A red truck whizzed past us. “Did you see that asshole? I almost hit him. Too many irresponsible drivers. They don’t give a shit about other people. Always in a hurry to get places.”

“Maybe he’s late for work.”

He laughed. “On a Sunday? I doubt it. . . Hey, I interrupted you. Tell me about your English class.”

“We’re reading Great Expectations by Charles Dickens.”

“He wrote A Christmas Carol, right? Never read the book, but I liked the movie. The ghosts of Christmas past, present, and future.”

“The Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come.”

“Huh?” He wrinkled his nose and rubbed it with the edge of his leather coat sleeve.

“Dickens calls the Future Ghost Yet to Come.”

“I get it. So, what’s this book about?”

“A boy named Pip. His parents are dead and he lives with his bitchy older sister on a marshland in the outskirts of England. His uncle is nice, though.”

“That’s a weird name for a kid. What happens?”

“I just started it. I’m at the part where Pip meets an escaped convict in the graveyard. This scary man in rags jumps up from behind a tombstone in the marshes and grabs him. The guy orders him to bring food and a file so he can saw the chains off his legs. He threatens Pip if he doesn’t follow through.”

My father nodded. “I like crime and suspense.” He turned the heat down. “You comfortable? I hate the sound of that fan.”

From The Weight of Small Mercies.

Neither the father nor the son says what is on his mind. The father asks about school and complains about other drivers; the boy answers briefly and corrects him about Dickens. The aim was to let the reader feel the strain under the small talk, and to plant the father’s complaint about drivers who “don’t give a shit about other people” and are “always in a hurry to get places,” so that the boy can turn it on him later.

A suggestion. If two characters in your draft say exactly what they feel, you might try giving them something else to talk about, and see whether the feeling still comes through.

Questions on James Mulhern’s Example

“The Wrong Way”

  1. What do father and son talk about, and what are they avoiding?
  2. The father says other drivers “don’t give a shit about other people” and are “always in a hurry to get places.” How does that line come back at the end of the story?
  3. Why might Aiden’s correction about “the Ghost of Christmas Yet to Come” matter?

Activities

These draw on the classic readings and on the example on this page.

  1. Talk around it. Write a page of dialogue in which two people never mention the thing that matters most between them. Let one object or topic stand in for it.
  2. Strip the tags. Take a page of dialogue from a draft, cut every adverb and every tag except “said,” and replace explanations with small actions.

—Silver Current Press

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