← All Lessons

This lesson sets an earlier version of a poem beside its revision. It begins with the complete text of both versions, so the whole poem can be read first, then shows the change in excerpts, with a short note and a suggestion.

Beside the classic readings, poems and stories by James Mulhern are included as working examples, for a practical reason: he knows what was in the drafts, what changed and what he learned in changing it, so he can show a class how a piece came to be and not only how it ended.

The complete poemearlier and revised versions, in full

“Last Supper”

Earlier version

He woke to the dog whimpering,

scratching his arm.

The phone rang.

His wife answered.

“It’s for you,” she said.

He pressed a pillowcase

against his bleeding arm.

“My father’s dead.

Can you shine my shoes?”

Downstairs, something crashed.

They walked in silence

because that’s what he liked.

In the living room,

the cheap print of The Last Supper

lay on the floor

its frame splintered.

At the wake, he knelt

beside his father’s coffin,

said an Our Father

kissed his father’s forehead.

Leaving, he asked his wife

when they’d last seen him.

“Just before Easter.

We took him out to dinner.”

“He was mostly good,” he murmured,

“but he did some bad things.”

She touched his shoulder.

At home, he knelt

beside the shattered print.

His shoulders drooped,

his back shook.

She knew he was thinking

of that last supper—

what he said,

what he wished he had.

She wanted to tell him

he’d been a good son,

that his father had loved him

deeply.

But words

could not relieve his pain.

She watched,

offering silence,

offering time.

Later, she would hug him,

but she wouldn’t say a thing.

Revised · Crossings

The phone’s ring slices the dark.

His wife, voice flat: “It’s for you.”

“My father’s dead. Can you shine my shoes?”

Downstairs, something crashed.

They walked in silence

because that’s what he liked.

In the living room,

the cheap print of The Last Supper

lay on the floor,

its frame splintered.

At the wake, he knelt

beside his father’s casket,

said an Our Father

kissed his Pa’s forehead.

Leaving, he asked his wife

when they’d last seen him.

“Just before Easter.

We took him out to dinner.”

At home, he knelt

beside the shattered print.

His shoulders drooped,

his back shook.

She knew he was thinking

of that last supper—

what he said,

what he wished he had said.

She watched,

offering silence,

offering time.

Later, she would hug him,

and she wouldn’t say a thing.

Earlier text from the earlier reading copy of Crossings on this site. Revised text from Crossings.

Earlier version

He woke to the dog whimpering,

scratching his arm.

The phone rang.

His wife answered.

“It’s for you,” she said.

He pressed a pillowcase

against his bleeding arm.

“My father’s dead.

Can you shine my shoes?”

Revised · Crossings

The phone’s ring slices the dark.

His wife, voice flat: “It’s for you.”

“My father’s dead. Can you shine my shoes?”

Earlier version

She wanted to tell him

he’d been a good son,

that his father had loved him

deeply.

But words

could not relieve his pain.

Revised · Crossings

These stanzas are cut.

The opening loses its dog, its scratched arm and its pillowcase, and gains one verb. “The phone’s ring slices the dark” may keep the shock of being woken while reaching the news sooner. Nine lines become three, and “voice flat” tells the reader how the wife answers without a separate line to say so.

Later, the revision removes the stanzas in which the wife thinks what she would like to say, and also his murmured judgment, “He was mostly good, / but he did some bad things.” The poem already ends with her silence: “Later, she would hug him, / and she wouldn’t say a thing.” With the unspoken words no longer spelled out, the silence is left to speak for itself.

A suggestion. Where a character’s thought and a later gesture say the same thing, you might try keeping only the gesture, at least for one draft.

Questions and Activities

These draw on the classic readings above and on the examples on this page.

Questions for Discussion

  1. “Eveline” never explains why she stays. What details let the reader understand?
  2. Dickinson names “great pain” once. How does the rest of the poem show it?
  3. Why might cutting the wife’s unspoken thoughts make “Last Supper” stronger?

Activities

  1. Delete the thought. Take a scene where a character’s feelings are explained. Delete the explanation and add one gesture.
  2. The silent decision. Write half a page in which a character decides something without saying why.

—Silver Current Press

Silver Current Press family: Silver Current Press · The 2601 Salon · For Program Partners · The Gathering Room →